• Lightning physics
  • Lightning occurrence characteristics including location and detection
  • Lightning discharge and attachment process
  • Lightning electromagnetic pulse and induced effects
  • Lightning down conductors and earthing
  • Lightning protection of:
    • Power, communications, railway and transportation systems
    • Renewable energy systems
    • Smart Grids, Smart Cities and infrastructure
  • Lightning safety, keraunic medicine and awareness
  • Lightning protection testing - laboratory experiments and standards